ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ÀüÅë Beursault È°½î±â

ÀÔ·Â : 14.11.22 21:00|¼öÁ¤ : 15.01.05 21:00|±¹±Ã½Å¹®|´ñ±Û 0
The Beursault shooting, a french tradition.

Áö³­ 10¿ù Áß¼ø, ¿¹Ãµ¿¡¼­ ¿­¸° 'Á¦1ȸ ¿¹Ãµ ¼¼°è È° ÃàÁ¦'¿¡ Âü°¡Çß´ø ÇÁ¶û½º Raph Rambur ±Ã»ç°¡ ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ÀüÅëÈ°½î±â¸¦ ±¹±Ã½Å¹®¿¡ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù¸ç ÀڷḦ º¸³»¿Ô´Ù. ¿ø¹®Àº ¿µ¾î·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Çü½ÄÀº ÇÁ¸®Á¨Å×À̼ǿë ÀÚ·á·Î ÀÛ¼ºµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸¿©Áø´Ù. ¼Ò°³µÇ´Â ¹ø¿ªº»°ú ¿ø¹®ÀÇ »çÁø À§Ä¡¸¦ Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾î ÀÓÀÇ·Î ¹èÄ¡, ÆíÁýÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¹ø¿ªº»Àº ÃʾÈÀ» ¼öÁ¤¾øÀÌ ¹®´Ü ÆíÁýÀ» °ÅÃÄ ±×´ë·Î ¼Ò°³ÇÑ´Ù. ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ¹ø¿ª»óÀÇ ¿À·ù¸¦ ÇؼÒÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿ø¹®À» ÀüÀçÇÑ´Ù(±¹±Ã½Å¹®)

Beursault È°½î±â, ÇÁ¶û½º ÀüÅë

BeursaultÀÇ ¿ª»ç¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ "Jeu d'Arc"¶ó´Â È°ÅÍ, È°½î±â ½ÃÇÕ°ú ±ÔÄ¢¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ¼³¸íÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î BeursaultÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ºÎºÐÀÎ »ç±³Å¬·´(fraternity)°ú Á¤½ÅÀû ÀüÅë¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼Ò°³ÇÑ´Ù. ¼º ¼¼¹Ù½ºÂù(saint sebastian)Àº ¸¹Àº ¼öÈ£¼ºÀεé Áß¿¡ ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡¼­´Â ±Ã»çÀÇ ¼öÈ£¼ºÀÎÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù. 1825³â¿¡ SoissonsÀÇ ÇÁ¶û½º µµ½ÃÀÇ ´ë¼öµµ¿øÀå ÀÌÀÚ ÁÖ±³ÀÎ ÈúµÎÀÎ(Hilduin)Àº ¼¼¹Ù½ºÂù À¯ÀûÀ» º¹¿øÇÏ¿´°í, soissonsÀÇ ¿Õ½Ç ´ë¼öµµ¿ø ¾È¿¡ À¯Àû º¸È£¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¹Îº´(½Ã¹Î±º)À» â¼³ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

    ¡ØBeursault : ÇÁ¶û½º ºÏºÎ¿Í º§±â¿¡ÀÇ ÀüÅëÈ°½î±â ½ÃÇÕ
    ¡Ø saint sebastian : Ãʱ⠱⵶±³ ¼ºÀÎ. ·Î¸¶Á¦±¹ ±âµ¶±³ ¹ÚÇؽà ³ª¹«¿¡ ¸öÀÌ ¹­ÀÎä È­»ì·Î óÇü´çÇÔ
    ¡Ø Soissons : ÇÁ¶û½º ºÏºÎÁö¿ª. °í´ë ¿Õ±¹Áß ÇϳªÀÇ Áß½ÉÁö¿ª

'¼º¼¼¹Ù½ºÂùÀÇ °á»ç´Ü(»ç¶÷µéÀÇ Á¶Á÷)'À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ÀÌ ¹Îº´µéÀº ¿À´Ã³¯±îÁö È°µ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¿À·¡µÈ ±Ã»çÁý´ÜÀÌ´Ù. 1130³â ÃÖÃÊ ±Ã»ç´Üü°¡ Louis 6¼¼ÀÇ ÀÇÇØ Ã¢¼³µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ±×µéÀº µµ½Ã ¹Îº´µéÀ̾ú°í µµ½ÃÀÇ ÀÚ°æ´ÜÀÌÀÚ ÀüÀï Áß¿¡´Â ¼ºº®À» ¹æ¾îÇÏ´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çß´Ù. 1260³â¿¡ ¼º Louis¶ó°íµµ ºÒ¸®´Â Louis 9¼¼´Â õ¹ÚÇÑ °æ±â´ë½Å¿¡ ±ÍÁ·Àû È°½î±â ½ÃÇÕÀ» ¼öÇàÇÒ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇß´Ù. ±×´Â ±Ã»ç »ç±³Áý´Ü¿¡ °¡ÀÔÇß´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº Ãë¹Ì»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±º»çÈÆ·ÃÀ¸·Î¼­ È°½î±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áõ°ÅÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÈÄ·Î È°Àº ±º»ç¹«±â·Î ÀؾîÁ³À¸³ª ±Ã¼úÀº ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡¼­ °è¼Ó ÇàÇØÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù.

1337³â¿¡ ¿µ±¹°úÀÇ 100³â ÀüÀïÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. ÀüÀï ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿Õ±¹Àº ±Ã¼ú°ú ±Ã»ç´Üü¸¦ Àå·ÁÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±ÍÁ·µéÀº ±×µé¿¡°Ô ÀúÇ×ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀÌ·± È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¹«±â¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ µÎ·Á¿öÇß´Ù. 1441³â¿¡ charles 7¼¼´Â ¼¼±ÝÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î ÀÚÀ¯ ±Ã»ç¸¦ ¾ç¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¹ýÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. °¢ ¸¶À»µéÀº 50È£¸¶´Ù 1¸íÀÇ ±Ã»ç¸¦ Á¦°øÇØ¾ß Çß´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ±×µéÀÌ ±ÍÁ·µé¿¡°Ô ´ú À§ÇùÀûÀ̾ ±Ã¼úÀÌ ¸¶À»¿¡¼­ Àå·ÁµÇ¾îÁ³´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀÛÀº Àå¼Ò, °¡²û °Å¸®¿¡¼­³ª ¼ºº® ¹Ù ·Î ±Ùó¿¡¼­ ÇàÇØÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ Á¼Àº Åë·Î·Î µÈ ÀüÅë È°ÅÍÀÇ ¸ð½À¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯ÀÏ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÃøµÈ´Ù.

1475³â¿¡ ¿µ±¹°úÀÇ ÆòÈ­Á¶¾àÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀüÀïÀÇ ³¡À̾úÀ¸³ª ÀüÀﵿ¾È ¸¹Àº ¹ßÀüÀ» Çß´ø ¼ÒÃѼö·Î ÀÎÇØ ÇÁ¶û½º ±º»ç ±Ã¼úÀÇ ¼è¶ôÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÀ̱⵵ Çß´Ù. 1515³â Francois 1¼¼´Â ÀÚÀ¯ ±Ã»çµéÀ» È®½ÇÈ÷ ÇØüÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÌÈÄ·Î ±Ã»çÁý´ÜÀº ±º»ç¸ñÀûÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó À°Ã¼Àû, Á¤½ÅÀû ±×¸®°í ÀüÅëÀû È°µ¿À¸·Î Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù.

±×µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÚ°æ´ë·Îµµ È°¿ëµÇ¾ú°í "±Ã»ç" ¶ó´Â ´Ü¾î´Â ºñ·Ï È°À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ 17¼¼±â±îÁö º¸Åë °æÂû°üÀÇ À̸§À̾ú´Ù. 1733³â¿¡ Henri-Charles Arnaud de pomponne(»ç¶÷À̸§)´Â ¼º¼¼¹Ù½ºÂùÀÇ À¯ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ´Â soissonsÀÇ ¼öµµ¿øÀåÀÌÀÚ ÁÖ±³¿´´Ù. ±×´Â ¡°statuts & reglements generaux pour toutes les Compagrues du Noble Jeu de l¡®Arc & Confreries de Saint Sebastien dans Ie royaume de France¡± ¶ó´Â ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ¸ðµç ±Ã»çÁý´Ü°ú »ç±³´ÜüÀÇ ±ÔÄ¢¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥À» ½è´Ù. ÀÌ Ã¥¿¡ µû¸£¸é Saint Medard les soissons ¼öµµ¿ø ¿øÀåÀÌ ¸ðµç ±Ã»çÁý´ÜÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù.

ÀÌ ¼öµµ¿øÀº ÇÁ¶û½º ºÏºÎ¿¡ ÀÖ°í ÀÌÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ¸·Î ÀüÅë Beursault È°½î±â°¡ ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ºÏÂÊÁö¹æ¿¡¼­ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ÇàÇØÁ³´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» »ó»óÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ Ã¥Àº ¿À´Ã³¯±îÁö ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ÀÌ°ÍÀÇ ±ÔÄ¢À» µû¸£°í ÇàÇÏ´Â ÇÁ¶û½º ½ÇÁ¦ ÀüÅëÀÇ ÀÌÁ¤Ç¥°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹°·Ð À̰͵éÀº ¼öÁ¤µÇ¾î ¿ÔÁö¸¸ ±âº»Àº ÀÌ Ã¥À¸·Î ºÎÅÍ ³ª¿Ô´Ù. ÇÁ¶û½º Çõ¸í°ú ÇÔ²² 1790³â ±Ã»çÁý´ÜÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¸ðµç ±º»çÁý´ÜÀº ±¹°¡ »óºñ±ºÀ¸·Î ÅëÇյǾú´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±Ã»ç Áý´ÜµéÀÇ Á¾¸»À» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ±×µéÀÇ ¹°Ç°µéÀº ±¹°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¸ô¼öµÇ¾ú°í ±×µéÀº °ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î Æó¼âµÇ¾ú´Ù.

1803³â Æĸ®¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ÇÁ¶û½º ºÏºÎÁö¿ªÀÎ "È° ±¹°¡(bow country)¡°¿¡¼­ ÀϺΠÁý´ÜµéÀÇ ºÎÈ°À» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 1875³â saint Medard ¿øÀåÀÇ ±ÇÀ§(±Ã»çÁý´ÜÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®)´Â ºÎÁ¤µÇ¾îÁ³´Ù. Çö´ë ½Ã´ë¿Í ÇÔ²² ¿¾³¯ ÀüÅëÀÇ ¼öÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©Á³´Ù. 1878³â ¾ÆÁ÷Àº Beursault È°½î±â Çü½ÄÀÎ ÃÖÃÊ ÀüÇÁ¶û½º èÇÇ¿Â½Ê °æ±â¸¦ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

1900³â¿¡ µÎ ¹ø° Çö´ëÀûÀÎ ¿Ã¸²ÇÈ °æ±â°¡ ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡¼­ ¿­·ÈÀ¸¸ç, ±Ã¼ú °æ±â´Â Beursault È°½î±â¿´´Ù. ¿ì¸®°¡ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´ø Beursault È°½î±âÀÇ Ã¹ ¹ø° ±×¸®°í ¸¶Áö¸·Àº ¿Ã¸²ÇÈ °æ±â¿´´Ù. Albert de Bertier ¹éÀÛÀÌ ±Ã¼ú¿¡ °üÇØ ÀÌ°ÍÀÇ ÀüÅë°ú ¼öÇà¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ Ã¥À» ½è´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦ ÀüÅëÀÇ ±âº»ÀÌ´Ù. ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ±Ã¼ú ¿ª»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³°ü°ú ´õºÒ¾î ±º»ç¿¬½À¿¡¼­ ¿îµ¿ °æ±â·ÎÀÇ ±Ã¼úÀÇ ¹ßÀüµµ º¸¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ¹«¾ùÀÌ Á¤È®È÷ Beursault È°½î±â ÀÎÁö ¾Ë¾Æº¼ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¿ì¸®´Â ³ÐÀº È°Å͸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖÁö´Â ¾Ê´Ù. Áß¼¼½Ã´ë¿¡´Â È°½î±â°¡ ¼ºº®¾Æ·¡³ª ÇØÀÚ¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. È° ½ÃÇÕÀå ¶Ç´Â È° Á¤¿øÀ¸·Î ºÒ¸®´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ È°ÅÍ Å©±â´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î 70*20¹ÌÅÍÀÌ´Ù. ½Ê¼¼±â Àü¿¡´Â Beursault È°½î±â°¡ 30 ¶Ç´Â 50¹ÌÅÍ¿¡¼­ ÇàÇØÁ³´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Áö±ÝÀº Ç¥ÁرæÀÌ°¡ 50¹ÌÅÍÀÌ´Ù. Á¤¿ø¿¡¼­´Â È­»ì±æÀ» µû¶ó ³ª¹«µéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. À̰͵éÀº º¸È£ÀåÄ¡·Î ¸Å¿ì À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù. Çö´ëÀûÀÎ È°Á¤¿øÀº °æ±âÀå ³»¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç È­»ì±æÀ» µû¶ó º¸È£¼³ºñ°¡ ³ª¹«°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó "Guards"¶ó°í ºÎ¸®´Â °Å´ë ³ª¹«ÆÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â º¸Åë ÁÁÀº °æ°üÀ» À§ÇØ ²ÉÀ» ½É´Â´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ È° ¿¬½ÀÀå Áöµµ ±×¸®°í ÇÁ¶û½º ¹Ú¹°°üÀÇ ´ëÁß¿¹¼ú ¹× ÀüÅë°ü³»¿¡ Àü½ÃµÈ Ermont Archer¡®s Company Bow Game ¸ðµ¨À» º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù.

ÀÌ °æ±âÀåÀº 1925³â¿¡ Áö¾îÁ³´Ù. ±× °÷À» ¹æ¹®ÇØ º¸°Ú´Ù. ¸Ç ¸ÕÀú Áý(»çÁ¤).

ÀÌ Áý ³»ºÎ¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ÆíÀǽü³, ¿ì½ÂÄÅ Áø¿­´ë, ¿ì½ÂÄÅ ±×¸®°í Àå½ÄµÈ °ú³áÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´õ¿í Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ±Ã»çµé¿¡°Ô À½½Ä°ú À½·á¼ö¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¹«¾ùº¸´Ù Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº "The Book(±â·ÏÁý)''ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Ã¥Àº ¸ðµç Çà»ç°¡ ÁÖÀÇ ±í°Ô ±â·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Ã¥Àº ÀÌ ´ÜüÀÇ ±â·ÏÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ÀÌ°÷¿¡ ºÒÀÌ ³ª¼­ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ °³¸¸ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ Ã¥À» ¼±ÅÃÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

Áý ±Ùó¿¡ "Master Butt(ÁÖ »ç´ë)¡°°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ »ç´ë´Â ±Ã»çµéÀÌ Æí¾ÈÇÏ°Ô ½ò¼ö ÀÖ°í º¸È£µÇ¾î¾ßÇÒ °ú³á ¶§¹®¿¡ ÁöºØÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¾³¯¿¡´Â °ú³á º®ÀÌ °¥´ë·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁ® ºñ·ÎºÎÅÍ º¸È£Çϴµ¥ ¸Å¿ì À¯¿ëÇß´Ù. º®(°ú³á ºÙÀÌ´Â)¿¡´Â ¹Ý´ëÆí »ç´ë·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿À´Â È­»ìÀ» ¹Þ´Â °ú³áÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡ Beursault È°½î±âÀÇ Æ¯º°ÇÔÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â °ú³á¿¡¼­ ½î°í °¡¼­ ÁÝ°í ¶Ç´Â ´Ù½Ã ½î±â À§ÇØ È­»ìÀ» °¡Á®¿ÀÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â »ç´ë¿¡¼­ ½ð´Ù.

±×¸®°í ±×°÷¿¡ °¡¼­ ¹Ý´ëÆí »ç´ë·Î ´Ù½Ã ½ð´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹æ½ÄÀº µÎ °¡Áö Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ù°, ½î±â Àü¿¡ ¿Ô´Ù °¬´Ù °ÈÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. µÑ°·Î È­»ì±æÀÌ Ç×»ó µ¿¼­·Î µÇ¾îÀֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ³· µ¿¾È ¿ì¸®´Â ÇØÀÇ ¾ÕÂÊ¿¡¼­ ¶Ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¹æÇâ¿¡¼­ ½î¾Æ¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±º»ç ¿¬½ÀÀÇ À¯»êÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀº ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¶§¶§·Î ÇØ°¡ ³·°Ô ¶° ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Æ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °ú³á º®°ú °ú³á À§ ¼ö ¹ÌÅÍ°¡ ¿ì¸®°¡ È°½î´Â ÁöÁ¡ÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â Ç×»ó ÀÌ ÁöÁ¡ µÚ¿¡¼­ ¶Ç´Â ±× ¼±¿¡¼­ ½î¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ³·Àº È­»ì¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¸ÂÃçÁú ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô °ú³áÀÌ ¶¥¿¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¹°·Ð °ú³áÀ§·Î °Ç³Ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀº Çã¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. °ú³áÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀº ¸¹Àº ½É¿øÇÏ°í Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ Àǹ̰¡ Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ ¼± µÚ¿¡¼­ ½î´Â ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù. Master butt(ÁÖ »ç´ë) ¾Õ¿¡ "Attack butt(¸ÂÀºÆí »ç´ë)¡°°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ½î´Â ÁöÁ¡°ú °ú³á°£ÀÇ °Å¸®´Â ¾à 50¹ÌÅÍ ÀÌ´Ù.

¿¹Àü¿¡ ±×¸®°í 1900³âÀÇ ¿Ã¸²ÇÈ °æ±â¿¡¼­ Á¶Â÷ µÎ °¡Áö °Å¸®°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. 30 ¶Ç´Â 50¹ÌÅÍ ÀÌ´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯¿¡´Â Ç×»ó 50¹ÌÅÍ ÀÌ´Ù. ¾î¸° ±Ã»ç¸¸ÀÌ 30 ¹ÌÅÍ¿¡¼­ ½ð´Ù. ÇÑ °³ÀÇ È­»ìÀ» ½î°í ¿ì¸®´Â 'Path of the knights(±â»çÀÇ ±æ)"À̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ±æ·Î Master butt(ÁÖ »ç´ë)¿¡¼­ Attack butt(°ø°Ý »ç´ë)·Î °£´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ÇÑ °³¸¸ ½îÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿¹ÀüºÎÅÍ ÇØ ¿À´ø °ÍÀ¸·Î µÎ °³ÀÇ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ È­»ìÀ» °¡Áö±â Èûµé±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. È­»ìÀº ±Ã»çµé ½º½º·Î Á¦ÀÛÇß°í, Àû´çÇÑ È­»ìÀ» °¡Á³À» ¶§ ´Ù¸¥ ÇÑ °³¸¦(µ¿ÀÏÇÏ°Ô) ¸¸µé±â ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Á¿ü´Ù. ÀÌ Á¡¿¡¼­ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ÀüÅëÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù. 1³â¿¡ Çѹø "Bird shooting"À̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â °¢ ´Üü ³»ºÎÀÇ °æ±â°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¸ñÀûÀº °ú³áÀÇ °¡¿îµ¥ ÀÖ´Â ÀÛÀº »õ¸¦ ¸ÂÈ÷´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

»õ¸¦ ¸ÂÈù ù ±Ã»ç´Â ±× ´ÙÀ½ÇرîÁö "king of the company¡°¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù. ±×·¯³ª È­»ìÀ» ºÎ·¯Æ®¸®·Á°í ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ´ú ÀûÇÕÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±×·¡¼­ µµÀüÀڵ鿡°Ô ±âȸ¸¦ ´õ ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï »õ·Î¿î È­»ìÀ» ¸¸µé¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ °³ÀÇ È­»ì·Î ½î°í ¹Ý´ëÆí »ç´ë·Î °¡¼­ ±×°ÍÀ» »Ì¾Æ¼­ ´Ù½Ã ½ð´Ù. ÇÑ ¹øÀÇ ¿Õº¹ ½î±â¸¦ Àá½Ã Á¤Áö¶ó´Â "Halte" ¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù.

´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ½î°í ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È È°ÅÍÀÇ °¡Àå ÀÚ¸®¸¦ °È´Â °ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì À§ÇèÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ È­»ìÀÌ ¿¬½À °ø°£ ¹Ù±ùÀ¸·Î ³¯¾Æ¿À´Â °ÍÀ» ¹æÁöÇÏ´Â ¼öÁ÷À¸·ÎµÈ "°¡µå"¶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ³ª¹«ÆÇÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù. ¿¾³¯¿¡´Â ´ÜÁö ÀÏ·Ä·Î ½É¾îÁø ³ª¹«µéÀ̾ú´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº È°ÅÍó·³ Ermont¿¡¼­´Â ±æ Áß ÇÑ °³¿¡ ÁöºØÀÌ ÀÖ°í ÀÌ°ÍÀº ºñ°¡ ¿À´Â ³¯¾¾¿¡´Â Á» ´õ ÆíÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁÖ¾ú´Ù.

°¢ °ú³á À§¿¡´Â °Å¿ïÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¾ÈÀüÇÑ Á¤¼Ò¿¡¼­ ¹Ý´ëÆí »ç´ëÀÇ ½î´Â ÀÚ¸®¸¦ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ÇÑ ±×·ìÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· ±Ã»ç´Â ¾´ È­»ìÀ» ½î°í ³­ ÈÄ¿¡ Å« ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³½´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ¿ì¸®´Â °Å¿ï·Î È®ÀÎÇÏ°í ³ª¼­ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°Ô °¡¼­ È­»ìÀ» ¸ðÀ¸°í ½ò ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¶Áö¸· ±Ã»ç´Â °ú³á ±Ùó¿¡ ¸Ó¹°·¯ ´Ù¸¥ ±Ã»çµéÀÌ ½î´Â µ¿¾È °ú³á ¾ÕÀ¸·Î »ç¶÷ÀÌ Áö³ª´Ù´ÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.

¿©±â°¡ ±× Àå¼ÒÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °ú³á¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸»¾¸µå¸®°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

°ú³äÀº "A card''¶ó°í ºÒ¸³´Ï´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °ú³áÀº µÎ °¡Áö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ °æ±â¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Çö´ëÀûÀÎ °ú³á ±×¸®°í ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ¡°tir du bouquet(È°½î´Â ÀüÅë°æ±â, ÃàÁ¦) ¶Ç´Â "»õ ½î±â" °°Àº ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ È°½î±â¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °ú³á. °ú³äÀÇ Á߽ɿ¡´Â ''Kid(»õ³¢ ¾ç)"·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â "Marmot(´Ù¶÷Áã°ú µ¿¹°. ¸¶¸Ú)¡±À̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ´õ ÀÛÀº °ú³áÀ» ²È´Â´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀüÅë °ú³á¿¡ ÀμâµÇÁö ¾Ê°í Á¦°ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ³ªÁß¿¡ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °ú³áÀÇ Áß½ÉÀº ¶¥¿¡¼­ 1m À§¿¡ ³õ¿©Áø´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº °©¿ÊÀ» ÀÔÀº »ó´ë¸¦ ¸ÂÈú ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÁöÁ¡ÀÎ "Armour Defect(°©¿Ê °áÇÔºÎÀ§)¡®ÀÇ ³ôÀÌÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ù±ù¿øÀÇ Á÷°æÀº 48cmÀÌ´Ù. ¾à ³²ÀÚÀÇ ±æÀÌ(?)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾ÈÂÊÀ» ¸ÂÈ÷¸é ¸í¿¹¶ó´Â ¶æÀÇ "Honneur''¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ±½Àº ¾ÈÂÊ¿øÀÇ Á÷°æÀº 14.5cm ÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÈÂÊÀ»(¸ÂÈ÷¸é) ±âµµ ¸ñ°ÉÀÌ(¹¬ÁÖ °°Àº °Í)¶ó´Â ¶æÀÇ ''chapelet''¶ó ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¶ÇÇÑ °íÅëÀ̶õ ¶æÀÇ "Douleur"¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. °ËÀº»ö ¿øÀº(¸ÂÈ÷¸é) °ËÀº»öÀ̶ó ¶æÀÇ ''Noir"·Î ºÒ¸°´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÇ Á÷°æÀº 4cm ÀÌ´Ù. È­»ìÀÌ °ËÀº»ö ¿ø³»¸¦ ¸ÂÈ÷¸é °ËÀº»öÀÓ°ú µ¿½Ã¿¡ ±âµµ ¸ñ°ÉÀÌ ±×¸®°í ¸í¿¹°¡ µÈ´Ù.

Çö´ë ±Ã¼ú°ú ´Ù¸¥ Á¡Àº ¼±À» ¸ÂÈ÷¸é ³·Àº ÂÊ Á¡¼ö¸¦ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Áß¾ÓÀÇ ²ÞÀº ¼±À» ¸ÂÈ÷¸é ''¸í¿¹"°¡ ÁÖ¾îÁý´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¿ÜÀûÀÎ °ÍÀº °ËÀº»öÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸ÂÈ÷¸é Á¡¼ö°¡ ÀÎÁ¤µÈ´Ù. Á¡¼ö(¼øÀ§-?)´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°´Ù.

1 : ¸í¿¹ÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¼ö
2 : ¸¸¾à µ¿Á¡ÀÌ¸é ±âµµ ¸ñ°ÉÀÌÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¼ö
3 : ¸¸¾à °è¼Ó µ¿Á¡ÀÌ¸é °ËÀº»öÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¼ö

Çö´ë °ú³á¿¡´Â ¼ýÀÚ°¡ ¸Å°ÜÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. Á¡¼ö´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°´Ù.

1 : ¸í¿¹ÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¼ö
2 : ¸¸¾à µ¿Á¡À̸é Á¡¼öÀÇ ÃÖ°í Á¡
3 : ¸¸¾à °è¼Ó µ¿Á¡ÀÌ¸é ±âµµ ¸ñ°ÉÀÌÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¼ö
4 : ¸¸¾à °è¼Ó µ¿Á¡ÀÌ¸é °ËÀº»öÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¼ö

Çö´ë È°½î±â°¡ Beursault °æ±â·Î ½î±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×¸®°í º¸Åë 40 ¸í¿¹¸¦ µæÁ¡ÇÏ ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±Ã»çµéÀ» ´õ ½±°Ô ±¸ºÐÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ¿ì¸®´Â Àå¼Ò¿Í °ú³á¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë¾ÆºÃ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¾î¶»°Ô Çö´ëÀûÀÎ °æ±â°¡ Á¶Á÷µÇ´ÂÁö ¼³¸íÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³ª¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °æ±â¿Í Beursault È°½î±âÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀÎ ÀÌ°ÍÀÇ ÀüÅë¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾ê±âÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

Beursault °æ±â´Â ¾î¶»°Ô Á¶Á÷µÉ±î¿ä?

°¢ ±Ã»çµéÀº °¢ÀÚ Á¶ÁØÀ» Çϱâ À§ÇØ 4°³ È­»ì, 2ȸ ÀϽýÃÁ¤Áö(2ȸ ¿Õº¹)À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³ª¼­ ±×µéÀº ¿¬¼ÓÇÏ¿© 20ȸ ÀϽÃÁ¤Áö, 40°³ È­»ìÀ» ½ð´Ù. Á¡¼ö´Â ¹æ±Ý Àü¿¡ ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ¼³¸íÇÑ ´ë·Î ±â·ÏµÈ´Ù. ÃÖ°í ±Ã»ç´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢À¸·Î Àü ÇÁ¶û½º èÇǿ½ʿ¡¼­ ½ò¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ µÇ±â À§Çؼ­ ¿Ã¸²ÇÈ¿ë È°À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¾î¸¥Àº 12¹øÀÇ ±âµµ ¸ñ°ÉÀ̸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ 40¹øÀÇ ¸í¿¹ Á¡¼ö°¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Çö´ëÀûÀÎ º¹ÇÕ È°·Î´Â 28¹øÀÇ ±âµµ¸ñ°ÉÀ̸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇؼ­ 40¹øÀÇ ¸í¿¹ Á¡¼ö°¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

2010³â ÀÌÈÄ·Î ±ä È°(Longbow) Á¾·ù°¡ ´Ù½Ã ¸¸µé¾îÁ³°í ÀüÇÁ¶û½º èÇÇ¿Â½Ê ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ µÇ±â À§Çؼ­ 22¹øÀÇ ¸í¿¹ Á¡¼ö°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. 1900³â À»¸²ÇÈ ½ÃÇÕ¿¡¼­ ±Ý¸Þ´ÞÀº 31¹øÀÇ ¸í¿¹ Á¡¼ö·Î ÇÁ¶û½º ±Ã»ç Henri Herouin°¡ Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù. 2014³â ÇÁ¶û½º èÇÇ¿Â Herve chopinÀº 24¹øÀÇ ¸í¿¹ Á¡¼ö¸¦ ±â·ÏÇß´Ù.

ÀÌÁ¦ ÀüÅë°ú ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °æ±â¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ö±âÇÏ°Ú´Ù.

¸¹Àº À¯·´ÀÇ ÀüÅëó·³ Beursault ÀüÅëÀº ±âµ¶±³¿Í ¸¹Àº ½É¿ÀÇÑ »ó¡À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ °Í¿¡ °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú ¼³¸íÇÒ °Í ó·³ ±º»çÈƷðúµµ ¿ª½Ã °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î ¸»¾¸µå¸®Áö¸¸ ¹«½ÃÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀº ÀÚÀ§¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù.

±Ã»ç°¡ È° ½ÃÇÕÀåÀ¸·Î ¿Â´Ù°í »ó»óÇØ º¸½Ê½Ã¿À

»çÁ¤À¸·Î µé¾î¿À´Â µ¿¾È ±×´Â Å©°Ô "salut"¶ó°í ¼Ò¸®Ä£´Ù. ±×¿Í µ¿½Ã¿¡ ±× ´Â ±×ÀÇ µ¿·á¿¡°Ô Àλ縦 ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¶ÇÇÑ ±×´Â È°À» ½î°í ÀÖ´Â ±Ã»çµéÀÌ ´©±º°¡ ¿Ô´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀνÄÇß´ÂÁö¸¦ È®½ÇÈ÷ È®ÀÎÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×ÀÇ È°°ú È­»ìÀ» ÁغñÇϸ鼭 ±Ã»ç´Â ÁÖ »ç´ë(Master Butt)·Î °£´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÌ¹Ì È°À» ½î°í ÀÖ´Â ±×·ìÀ̳ª ¾î¶² ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¹Ý´ëÆí »ç´ë(Attack Butt)¿¡¼­ »ç´ë¿¡¼­ ½î°í ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È »ç´ë¸¦ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°Ô À¯ÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» ¹ß°ßÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾î¶² ±×·ìÀÌ ÁÖ »ç´ë(Master Butt)¿¡¼­ ½î°í ÀÖÀ¸¸é »õ·Î¿î »ç¶÷ÀÌµç °æ±â¿¡ µé¾î °¡±â À§ÇØ Çã¶ôÀ» ±¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×°¡ ÇÕ·ùÇϱ⸦ µ¿ÀÇÇÑ´Ù.

±×·ìÀÇ Ã¹ ¹ø° ±Ã»ç´Â È­»ìÀÌ ³¯¾Æ°£´Ù´Â °æ°í¸¦ Çϱâ À§ÇØ °æ°í¶ó´Â ¶æÀÇ "Gare''¸¦ ¿ÜÄ£´Ù. ù È­»ìÀ» ½î±â Àü¿¡ ±Ã»ç´Â Å©°Ô Àλç(salute)¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù. ´ë´äÀ» ÅëÇØ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷Àº »õ·Î¿î ±Ã»ç°¡ ½ð´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÎÁöÇÑ´Ù. ¿¬½À½î±â¸¦ À§ÇØ ±Ã»çµéÀº 2°³ÀÇ È­»ìÀ» ½î´Â °ÍÀÌ ¶§¶§·Î Çã¶ôµÈ´Ù. ¸ðµç ±Ã»ç°¡ ±×ÀÇ È­»ìÀ» ½î¸é ¸¶Áö¸· ±Ã»ç´Â Cover¶ó´Â ¶æÀÇ "Couvrez''¸¦ ¿ÜÄ£´Ù.

ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸¶Áö¸· È­»ìÀ» ½î¾Ò´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×´Â Àå¼Ò¿Í ¾î¶² »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ½î´Â Åë·Î·Î µé¾î¿À´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·±â À§ÇØ »ç´ë ±Ùó¿¡ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Ù. º¸Åë ±×´Â È­»ìÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ ¼Ò¸®Ä¡°Å³ª º§À» ¿ï·Á ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù. ±×´Â ±×·ìÀÇ ¸Ç ù ±Ã»ç¿Í ±³´ëÇÑ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î È°½î´Â °ÍÀ» ¶°³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ±â(±×¸¸µÎ±â) À§Çؼ­´Â µÎ °¡Áö Á¶°ÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

È­»ìÀÌ °ËÀº»ö(°ú³áÀÇ Áß¾Ó °ËÀº»ö ¿ø)À» ¸ÂÈ÷Áö ¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à È­»ìÀÌ °ËÀº»öÀ» ¸ÂÃß¸é ¶°³ª´Â °ÍÀÌ Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ´Ù¸¥ ÀϽÃÁ¤Áö¸¦ ¹Ýµå½Ã ½î¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. µÎ ¹ø°·Î ½ð »ç¶÷ÀÇ È­»ìÀº °ú³á ¾ÈÀÇ ¸í¿¹¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿î¼ö°¡ ¾È ÁÁÀº ³¯ ÀüÅë È°·Î´Â ½Ã°£ÀÌ ²Ï °É¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ÀÌ ±ÔÄ¢Àº º¸Åë "ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ÇÑ °³ÀÇ È­»ìÀº ¸í¿¹¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù"¶ó°í ¹Ù²ï´Ù. ±Ã»ç´Â ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â Çã¶ôÀ» ±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í´Â »ç¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ »óÅÂÀÇ È°À» °¡Áö°í »çÁ¤À¸·Î µé¾î°¡´Â °ÍÀÌ Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×´Â ¸ÕÀú È°ÀÇ ½ÃÀ§¸¦ ¹þ°Ü¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Çö´ëÀûÀÎ º¹ÇÕ È°ÀÌ ½ÃÀ§¸¦ ¹þ±â´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏÁö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ ±×µéÀº Ç×»ó µé¾î°¡´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ Çã¶ôÀ» ±¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. È°Å͸¦ ¶°³ª±â Àü¿¡ ±Ã»ç´Â ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Àλ縦 ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀÏ»óÀûÀÎ ÈÆ·ÃÀÏ °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù.

°¡Àå ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÀüÅë °æ±â´Â °¡µç ÆÄƼ(garden palty)¶ó°í ºÒ¸®¿î´Ù.

ÀÌ°ÍÀº ´Üü ³»ºÎ¿¡¼­ ¶Ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ ´ÜüÀÇ ±Ã»çµéÀÌ ´ç½ÅÀÇ ´Üü¸¦ ¹æ¹®ÇßÀ» ¶§ Á¶Á÷µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì Á¦ºñ¸¦ »Ì¾Æ¼­ µÎ ÆÀÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÀµéÀº Â÷·Ê Â÷·Ê·Î È°À» ½ð´Ù. ÆÀÀÇ °¢ ±¸¼º¿øµéÀº Á¦ºñ»Ì±âÀÇ ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ¼ø¼­¿¡ µû¶ó ÆÀ ¸®´õ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ½ð´Ù. °¢ ±Ã»çµéÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ °³ÀÇ È­»ìÀ» ½ð´Ù. ¸ðµç ±Ã»çµéÀÌ ½î°í ³µÀ» ¶§ ¿ì¸®´Â °ú³áÀ» È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù. °ú³á Áß¾Ó¿¡ °¡±î¿î 2°³ÀÇ È­»ìÀ» Ä«¿îÆ® ÇÑ´Ù. °¢ È­»ìÀº Á¡¼ö¸¦ ¾ò´Â´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ÆÀÀº 2Á¡À» ¾ò°Å³ª °¢ ÆÀ´ç 1Á¡À» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÆÀÀÌ 6Á¡¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϸé ÆÀ ¼ø¼­´Â ¹Ù²ï´Ù. ¸ÕÀú ÆÀÀº µÎ ¹ø° ÆÀ ÈÄ¿¡ ½ð´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄƼ´Â 12Á¡¿¡¼­ ³¡³­´Ù. ±× ÀÌÈÄ °¢ »ç´ë¿¡¼­ ÀλçÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¸¶Áö¸· ÀϽÃÁ¤Áö(halt)¸¦ ½ð´Ù.

Ưº°ÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ±â³äÇϱâ À§ÇØ ´õ ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ °¡µåÆÄƼ°¡ Á¶Á÷µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Ưº°ÇÑ ÆÄƼ¸¦ À§ÇØ ¸Å´ÏÀú´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±ÔÄ¢À» ¸¸µì´Ù. ±×´Â °ú³áÀ» Àå½ÄÇÑ´Ù.  ¶§¶§·Î ¸¹ÀÌ ¿ì½º²Î½º·¯¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é À¯¸íÇÑ "¼Ò¼¼Áö ½î±â' ¾î¶² ¼Ò¼¼Áö´Â °ú³áÀÇ ¾Õ¿¡ ¸Å´Þ°í ¸¸¾à È­»ì·Î ±×°ÍÀ» ¸ÂÃß¸é ´ç½ÅÀº ±× ¼Ò¼¼Áö¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¹°·Ð ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ¸Å¿ì ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ´õ °Ý½Ä ÀÖ´Â °¡µç ÆÄƼ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

ÇÑÇØÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ÆÄƼ °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª°¡ "abbat l'oiseau" ¶Ç´Â »õ½î±âÀÌ´Ù. °íÀü½Ã´ë¿¡ ÆÄÆ®·ÎŬ·Î½º(patroclus)ÀÇ ÁïÀ½À» ±â¸° ¾Æų·¹½º ÀÌÈÄ·Î »õ½î±â´Â ±ê´ëÀ§ ¼öÁ÷À¸·Î ÇàÇØÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¶ÇÇÑ "tir au papaguay'' ¶Ç´Â "Parrot shooting(¾Þ¹«»õ ½î±â)¶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù.

¿ì¸®´Â ¸¶À»¿¡¼­ °øÁßÀ¸·Î ½ð È­»ìÀÌ À§ÇèÇÑ °ÍÀÌ µÉ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¾ÈÀüÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ¿ì¸®µé È° Á¤¿ø¿¡(º¯È¯Çؼ­) ¿Å°å´Ù. °ËÀº»ö ¿ø Å©±âÀÇ ÀÛÀº »õ°¡ °ú³á Áß¾Ó¿¡ ²ÅÇôÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ¸ðµç ±Ã»çµéÀº ¸ðÀÚ¸¦ ¾²°í ´Üü ±ê¹ß µÚ¿¡¼­ °È°í ±×¸®°í °¢ °ú³á ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ÀλçÇÑ´Ù. ±Ã»çµéÀº Á¤È®ÇÑ ¼ø¼­¿¡ µû¶ó ½ð´Ù.

¸ÕÀú ÀüÇØÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®
±× ´ÙÀ½ ´ÜüÀÇ °ü¸®µé(officers)
±× ´ÙÀ½ ±â»çµé
±× ´ÙÀ½ ´ÜüÀÇ ±â·ÏµÈ ³ªÀÌ¿¡ µûfms ±Ã»çµé

»õ¸¦ ¸ÂÈù ù ¹ø° ±Ã»ç´Â ±× ÇØ µ¿¾È ´ÜüÀÇ "³²ÀÚ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®(King)" ¶Ç´Â "¿©ÀÚ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®(Queen)¡°·Î ¼±¾ðµÈ´Ù. È­»ìÀº °áÄÚ ´õ ÁÁ°Ô ½ò ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ±×ÀÇ È­»ìÀº ºÎ·¯Æ®·ÁÁø´Ù. ¸¸¾à ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®°¡ »õ½î±â¿¡¼­ 3³â ¿¬¼Ó À̱â¸é ±×´Â ±× ´ÜüÀÇ È²Á¦·Î ¼±¾ðµÈ´Ù.

ÀÌ Á÷ÇÔÀº ±×°¡ ±× ´Üü¿¡ ±Ã»ç·Î ¼Ò¼ÓµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È Æò»ýÅä·Ï Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù.

¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®´Â ±Ç¸®¿Í À§¹«°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â ±× ÇØ µ¿¾È Ưº°ÇÑ Á¸°æ(º¹Á¾)°ú ÇÔ²² ¸ðµç ±Ã»çµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ³ô°Ô Á¸ÁߵǾî Áø´Ù. ±×´Â "¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®ÀÇ ±æ(King's path)¸¦ °ÉÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±Ç¸®¿Í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÌ ±æÀ» °È°Ô Çã¶ôÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇѸíÀÇ ±Ã»çÀÌ´Ù. ¹°·Ð 30m¿¡¼­ ½î´Â ÀþÀº ±Ã»çµéÀº ¿¹¿ÜÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ´Üü »ç¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áö°í ±× ³»ºÎ¿¡¼­ ÅõÇ¥¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±×´Â º¸Åë Á¤¿ø»ç°¡ µÇ¾î ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®ÀÇ ±æÀ» °ü¸®ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ÆǸ®ÇÏ°í Àå½ÄÇÒÁö¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù. ±×´Â ±×°¡ ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ¶§¿¡ ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±ÔÄ¢¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±×ÇØ µ¿¾È °¡µç ÆÄÆ®¸¦ Á¦¾ÈÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â "Bouquet provincial(²É´Ù¹ß-ºÎÄÉ-À» ¾Õ¼¼¿öÇÏ´Â Çà»ç)" °°Àº Ưº°ÇÑ Çà»ç¿¡¼­ ±× ´Üü¸¦ ´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù.

"Bouquet provincial"Àº ±¹°¡Àû Çà»çÀÌ´Ù.

ÇÁ¶û½º³»ÀÇ ¸ðµç ´ÜüµéÀº ÀÌ°Í¿¡ Âü°¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ´Üü°¡ Âü¼®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ±Ã»çµéÀº Àü±¹ èÇǿ½ʿ¡¼­ ½î´Â °ÍÀÌ Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é "Bouquet provhcial"°¡ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡. ÀÏ¿äÀÏ ¾Æħ ÇÁ¶û½º ´ÜüµéÀÇ ¸ðµç ´ëÇ¥µéÀÌ ¸¶À»·Î °£´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¶À»¿¡¼­ ÁÖ°ü ´Üü´Â Åë»óÀûÀ¸·Î Àü³âºÎÅÍ ¼÷¹Ú½Ã¼³(ÆíÀǽü³)À» ¸¸µç´Ù. ±â¼ö´Â ù ¹ø°¸¦ µî·ÏÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¸Å¿ì ÀÏÂï ÀϾ´Ù.

°¢ ´Üü´Â ¼ø¼­¹øÈ£¸¦ ¹Þ°í ÀÌ ¼ø¼­¿¡ µû¶ó ÇàÁøÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ÀûÀº ¹øÈ£¸¦ ¹ÞÀº °ÍÀº Ç×»ó °úÁ¦ÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í °¢ ´ÜüµéÀº ù°°¡ µÇ·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇÑ´Ù. °¢ ´Üü°¡ µî·ÏµÇ¸é ÇàÁøÀº ¸¶À»ÀÇ ±æÀ» ÅëÇؼ­ ½ÃÀ۵ȴÙ. ÇÁ¶û½º °øÈ­±¹ÀÇ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ Á¦°øÇÑ È­º´ÀÌ ÇàÁøÀ» ¿¬´Ù.

²É´Ù¹ß ¹­À½À» ´ã°í ÀÖ°í ±×·¡¼­ ÀÌ Çà»ç°¡ "provincial Bouquet"¶ó°í ºÒ¸®¿öÁø´Ù. µµ·Î´Â °¡Á¤ Áý¿¡¼­ °ø°ø°Ç¹°±îÁö º¸Åë ²ÉÀ¸·Î Àå½ÄµÈ´Ù. ÇàÁøÀº ¸¶À» ±³È¸¿¡¼­ ³¡³­´Ù. Å« ¹Ì»ç¿Í ÇàÁøµ¿¾È ÁÖ±³´Â ±ê¹ßÀ» ÃູÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Üü »ýÈ°ÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ Çà»ç·Î½á ¹Ì»ç¿Í ÃູÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ´ÜüÀÇ 80ÁÖ³âÀ» ±â³äÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸® ¸¶À»ÀÇ µµ·Î·Î ÇàÁøÀ» ÇÏ°í ¿ì¸® °æ±âÀå¿¡¼­ ¹Ì»ç¿Í ÇÔ²² ¸¶Ä£´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ´ë±Ô¸ð ¹Ì»ç ÈÄ¿¡ ÇàÁøÀº º¸Åë ¼ö ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸®±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷Àº ¼ÒdzÀ̳ª ÈÞ½ÄÇÏ·¯ °£´Ù. ¿ÀÈĵ¿¾È ºÎÄÉ ½î±â°¡ ½ÃÀ۵ȴÙ.

ÀÌ´Â ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ±Ã»çµéÀÌ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ´Ù¸¥ Àå¼Ò¿¡¼­ º¸ÅëÀº 2°³¿ù Á¤µµ·Î ¼öÁÖ µ¿¾È Áö¼ÓµÈ´Ù. ÃÖ°í ±Ã»ç´Â È­º´À» ¹Þ½À´Ï´Ù. "prix au noir", °ËÀº»ö »óÀÌ ¶ÇÇÑ ÁÖ¾îÁø´Ù.

ÀÌ»óÀ» À§ÇØ »õ³¢ ¾ç(Kid)°¡ °ú³áÀÇ Áß¾Ó¿¡ ²È¾ÆÁø´Ù. ±Ã»ç°¡ °ËÀº»öÀ» ¸ÂÃâ ¶§¸¶´Ù »õ³¢ ¾çÀº °ú³á¿¡¼­ »Ì¾ÆÁø´Ù. ÁÖ°ü ´ÜüÀÇ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ±× ±Ã»ç¿¡°Ô »õ³¢ ¾çÀ» ¼±¹°ÇÑ´Ù. ±Ã»ç´Â ±×ÀÇ È­»ìÀ» ȸ¼öÇÑ´Ù. »õ³¢ ¾ç¿¡ ±Ã»çÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ »õ°ÜÁø´Ù. ¸ÂÀº °ÍÀº È­»ìÀÇ Á߽ɿ¡¼­ »õ³¢ ¾çÀÇ Á߽ɱîÁö ÃøÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Æ÷»ó ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡¼­ ÃÖ°í ½î±â°¡ »óÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.

¿ì¸®´Â ½î´Â Àå¼Ò·Õ º¸¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ´Üü°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô Á¶Á÷µÇ´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. ±º´ë·ÎºÎÅÍ ´Üü´Â ÁöÀ§¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ô´Ù. ¸®´õ´Â °ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î »õ½î±â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Çظ¶´Ù Á¤ÇØÁø ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®(King)ÀÌ´Ù.

ÀÌ ½î±â ÈÄ¿¡ °ü¸®µéÀº »çÅðÇÏ°í »õ·Î¿î °ü¸®µéÀÌ ¼±ÃâµÈ´Ù. ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸® ÈÄ¿¡ ±Ã¼ú¿¡¼­ ±â»ç¿©¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ü¸®µéÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù. ¾î¶² ´ÜüµéÀº ¸ðµç ȸ¿øµéÀÌ °ü¸®°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿ëÀÎÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼¸íÀÇ Áß¿ä°ü¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

´ëÀå, ´ëÇ¥ °ü¸®, ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ±×´Â ¼ö³â µ¿¾È ±×ÀÇ ÁöÀ§¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù.
±×ÀÇ º¸Á°ü
񃬔
3°³ÀÇ ÇÏÀ§°ü¸®µé
ºñ¼­¿Í ±×ÀÇ Á¶¼ö. ±×µéÀº ±â·ÏÁýÀ» ¾²°í ´Üü »ýÈ°ÀÇ Çà»ç¸¦ ±â¼úÇÑ´Ù.
º¸¹°Áö±â¿Í ±× Á¶¼ö. °æ¸®´ã´ç
ÀüÅë ¼öÈ£ÀÚ. ±×´Â ½ÅÂü¿¡°Ô ÀüÅëÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡°í ±×°ÍÀÌ Àß Á¸ÁߵǾî Áöµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
»ç¹«½ÇÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±¸¼º¿øÀº °ü¸®µéÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
µ¿±¼ ¼öÈ£ÀÚ. ±×´Â ±Ã»çµé¿¡°Ô À½·á¼ö¿Í À½½ÄÀ» ÁÖ´Â Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÓ¹«¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. °æ±â, Á¡Àº »ç¶÷ ±âŸµîµî ´Ù¸¥ È°µ¿À» À§ÇÑ ÀÏ´ÜÀÇ ¸Å´ÏÀú.

³ª´Â ±Ã¼ú ±â»ç¿¡ °üÇØ ÀÚÁÖ ¾Ö±âÇß´Ù.

´ç½ÅÀº À̵鿡 ´ëÇØ È£±â½ÉÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú Áß¼¼½Ã´ëÀÇ ±â»ç, °©¿ÊÀ» ÀÔÀº ±ÍÁ· ±ºÁÖ ±×¸®°í ±Ã¼úÀÇ ±â»ç »çÀÌ¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ Á¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±Ã¼úÀÇ ±â»ç´Â ±ÍÁ·ÀÏ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¹°·Ð ±ºÁÖµµ ±Ã¼úÀÇ ±â»ç°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀº 1900³â¿¡ Albert de Bertier ¹éÀÛÀÌ ¾´ Ã¥À» ±â¾ïÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÁ¶û½º ±º´ë¿¡¼­ ±Ã»çµéÀº ±ÍÁ·ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÀÌÇصǾîÁ³´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÃÖ±Ù ¿¬±¸´Â Çϱްü¸®³ª °¡³­ÇÑ ±ÍÁ·µéÀÌ °¡²û ÇÁ¶û½º ±º´ë¿¡¼­ ±Ã»ç·Î ¾²¿©Á³´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ³´Ù. ¾î·´ø È° ´ÜüÀÇ È¸¿øÀº ´ö¼º°ú Á¤Á÷ÀÇ ¾î¶² ¸ðµ¨ÀÌ µÇ¾î¾ß Çß´Ù. ÈǸ¢ÇÑ Ä£¹Ð°¨ÀÇ °¡Ä¡ ±×¸®°í ÆÀ Á¤½ÅÀº ±â¼úº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ Áß¿äÇß´Ù. ÀÌ·± °¡Ä¡µéÀÇ ÁöÁö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±Ã»çµéÀº ±â»çµéÀÌ ÇൿÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ ÇൿÇß´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±×µéÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ ÇൿÀ» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇÑ Á÷ÇÔÀ¸·Î ±×¸®°í ¾î¶»°Ô ±×µéÀÌ Å¾´ÂÁö »ó°ü¾øÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ±Ã¼ú³»¿¡¼­ ±â»ç°¡ µÇ¾ú´ÂÁö¸¦ ¸»ÇØÁØ´Ù.

ÃÖ±Ù±îÁö È° ´ÜüÀÇ ¸ðµç ȸ¿øµéÀº ±â»ç°¡ µÇ°Å³ª ¶Ç´Â ¶°³ª¾ß Çß´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ ±Ã»çµéÀº ±â»ç°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê°í ´Üü¿¡ ¼Ò¼ÓµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±â»ç°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀº ±Ç¸®¿Í Àǹ«°¡ ÁÖ¾îÁö±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¿ÀÁ÷ ±â»ç¿¡°Ô¸¸ °ø°³µÇ´Â ÀüÅë°ú ÀÏ´ÜÀÇ ºñ¹ÐµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¹°·Ð ±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸»ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê°Ú´Ù. ¿ÀÁ÷ ±â»ç¸¸ÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ´ÜüÀÇ °ü¸®°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°¡ ±×ÀÇ ´Üü »ýÈ°¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ¸ðµç ±â»çµéÀº ´Üü »ç¹«½Ç¿¡ Áö±ÝÀ̳ª ³ªÁß¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.

±â»çµéÀº ÈǸ¢ÇÑ µ¿·á°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÏ°í ¾î¶² ÀÏ¿¡µµ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ÁöÁöÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÀüÅëÀ» µû¶ó¾ß ÇÏ°í ±×¸®°í ±× ÀüÅëÀ» ´Ù¸¥ ±Ã»çµé¿¡°Ô °¡¸£ÃÄ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ´ÜüÀÇ Áß¿ä Çà»ç¿¡ Âü¿©ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

±â»çµéÀº ±×ÀÇ ´Üü¿Í Àü ±Ã¼ú¼¼°è¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¾½Å¼­¾à(lifetime commitment)À» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â Á×¾úÀ» ¶§ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ÀǽĿ¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÌ ¼­¾àÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿öÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½±°Ô ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é ¿ì¸®´Â Beursault È°½î±â°¡ ÀǽÄÀÌ°í È° ½ÃÇÕÀº ¸ðµç ±×°ÍÀÇ »ó¡°ú ÇÔ²² ±×ÀÇ ±³È¸¶ó°í ¸»ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÁÖ »ç´ë(Master butt)°¡ ±³È¸Ã³·³ µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î ¹æÇâÀÌ Á¤ÇØÁø ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù.

±â»çµéÀº À°Ã¼Àû ±×¸®°í Á¤½ÅÀû Ãø¸éÀÇ ¾çÂÊ¿¡¼­ ¼û°ÜÁø »ó¡°ú ½ÇÁ¦ ±Ã¼úÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ °¡Ä¡´Â ¸í¿¹£¬Ã漺½É ±×¸®°í ÀüÅëÀ» µû¸£´Â ¿¹ÀýÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÇÁ¶û½º Beursault ÀüÅëÀÇ ¼öÈ£ÀÚµéÀÌ´Ù.

¿©±â ±×µéÀÇ 10°è¸íÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

    ´ç½ÅÀº ´ç½ÅÀÇ ´Üü¸¦ Ç×»ó »ç¶ûÇÏ°í ÁöÁöÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    ±âÇ° ÀÖ´Â È° ½ÃÇÕÀº ÃÖ°íÀÇ ÈÞ½ÄÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
    ´ç½ÅÀÇ È°½î±â´Â ´ç½ÅÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¿¬½À¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Çâ»ó½ÃÄÑ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    ´ç½ÅÀº ½ÃÀ§, È°, È­»ìÀ» ÁÁÀº ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇØ Ç×»ó º¸»ìÆì¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    ´ç½ÅÀº ȸÇÕ¿¡¼­ Á¤ÁßÇÏ°í °øÁ¤ÇÏ°í ±×¸®°í °ü¿ëÀûÀ̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    ´ç½ÅÀº ¸Å³â¸¶´Ù ¼º ¼¼¹Ù½ºÂùÀ» ¿µ±¤½º·´°Ô ÇÏ°í Âù¾çÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    ´ç½ÅÀº ±ÔÀ²(Áú¼­, dz±â)À» ±ÔÄ¢¿¡ µû¶ó ÁöÄÑ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    °áÄÚ ¸í¿¹¸¦ ´õ·´È÷Áö ¾Ê°í ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÇൿÀ» ±âÇ° ÀÖ°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    °í³­ ¼Ó¿¡¼­µµ ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÇüÁ¦µéÀ» ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ¼º¿øÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
    ÀÌµé °è¸íÀ» µû¸£¸ç ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ±â»ç·Î ³²¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

     ¹ø¿ª : ¼­ÀÌ»ê / Á¤¸® : ±¹±Ã½Å¹®

 --------------------------------------------------
¡¼ÀÚ·á¿ø¹®¡½¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ÀÚ·á´Â ¿µ¹®ÀÚ·áÀ̸ç,
ÀϺΠ¹®´ÜÀº À¥Çü½Ä¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇÏ°Ô ¾à°£ÀÇ ÆíÁýÀ» Çß´Ù.
 -------------------------------------------------- 

The Beursault shooting, a french tradition.

We will see the history of Beursault. We will also describe the shooting range which is called ¡°Jeu d¡¯Arc¡±, a Bow Game, and the rules. Finally we will see the most important part of the Beursault, the fraternity and spiritual traditions.

Saint Sebastian is regarded as the Patron Saint of the archers in France, between many patronages. In 825, Hilduin, abbot and bishop of the french town of Soissons, managed to retrieve the relics of Sebastian. He created a militia dedicated to the protection of the relics in the royal abbey of Soissons. This millitia is still active today, called ¡°brotherhood of Saint Sebastien¡±. It is the oldest archer¡¯s group in France. In 1130 The first archers companies are created by king Louis VI th. They are town militias, used as police forces into the town and to protect the walls during battles. In 1260 Louis IX th, also called Saint Louis, requires the men to practice the noble game of bow, instead of over dishonest games. He joins an archers fraternity. This is an evidence of practising archery for leisure as well a military training. Since then, the bow has been forgotten as a military weapon, but archery has always been practised in France.

In 1337 begins the 100 years war, against the England. Because of the war, the kingdom promoted the archery and the archers companies.But the nobles were afraid to see the people using such efficient weapons, possibly against them. In 1441 Charles VII th makes a law to create the free archers, being free from taxes. Each town had to provide one archer for 50 homes. We can see that archery was promoted into the towns, because they were less threating to the nobles. It was practised into small places, sometimes some streets or just near the city walls. It might be a reason of the shape of the traditionnal bow garden, a narrow corridor.

In 1475, the peace with England was signed. This ended the war but was also the beginning of the end for the French military archery, the firearms having been highly improved during the war. In 1515 François Ist definitely dismantle the free archers. From this time, the archers company will remain, not for military purpose but for a physical, spiritual and traditional activity.

They are also used as police forces, and the word ¡°archer¡± usually names a policeman until the 17th century, even if he is not using a bow. In 1733, Henri-Charles Arnaud de Pomponne is abbot and bishop of Soissons, where stand the relics of Saint Sebastian. He writes the « statuts & règlements généraux pour toutes les Compagnies du Noble Jeu de l¡¯Arc & Confréries de Saint Sébastien dans le royaume de France», the rules for every archers company and fraternity into France. With this text, the abbot of the Saint Médard lès Soissons abbey is claimed to be the leader of every archers company.

This abbey is placed in the north of France, whe can imagine that because of its influence the traditional Beursault shooting is far more practiced in the northern half of our country. Also this text is the corner stone of our actual traditions, we still practice and follow its rules today. Of course they have been updated, but the basics come from this book. With the French revolution, in 1790 every militarian company, including the archers companies, are incorporated into the National Guard. This means the end of the archers companies. Later, their goods are confiscated by the government, and they are officially closed.

In 1803, we can see the revival of some companies in the ¡°bow country¡±, the northern half of France, including Paris. In 1875 the authority of the abbot of saint Médard is denied. With the modern times, a need to change the old traditions is perceived. 1878 sees the first french national championship, still a Beursault shooting. In 1900, the second modern Olympic Games take place in France. The archery contest is a Beursault shooting. The first and last time that we will see a Beursault shooting in the Olympic Games. The count Albert de Bertier writes a book about the archery, its traditions and how it is practised. It is the basics of the actual traditions.

With this overview of the history or archery in France, we have seen the evolution of archery from a militarian exercise to a sport. Now we will see what is exactly a Beursault shooting.

We do not have large shooting fields. In the middle age, the shootings were made either in the moat at the feet or the city walls, or into a street. Our shooting range is called a bow game or bow garden, its size being generally of 70 by 20 meters. Before the XXth century beursault shooting was practised either at 30 or 50 meters, but now the standard lenght is 50 meters. From the garden we have the trees, along the shooting path. They are very useful as a protection. The modern bow gardens are placed inside a stadium, and the protections along the shooting path are not trees but huge plates of wood, called ¡°guards¡±. We also usually have some flowers, for a better look. We can see here a map of a typical practice area, and a model of Ermont Archer¡¯s Company  Bow Game, presented at the French museum of popular art and traditions. The place was built in 1925. Let¡¯s visit it.

 First of all, the house. Into this house we can find accommodations, some cupboards for our own material, the trophies and decorated targets. More important, a bar to provide the archers with food and drinks. But most important of all, a desktop with ¡°the Book¡±, a book where every event is carefully transcribed. This Book is the memory of the company. If there is a fire and only one item can be saved, we will choose the Book.

Close to the house, the ¡°master butt¡±.The butts have a roof so that archers can shoot with shelter and the targets to be protected. In the old times, the targets walls were made of straw, so protecting them from the rain was very useful. On the wall is the target, receiving the arrows from the opposite butt.

Here comes the specificity of the Beursault shooting. We do not shoot at a target, go and get or arrows back to shoot again. We shoot at a butt, go there and shoot again at the opposite butt. This way of acting has two meanings. First, we do not walk back and forth before shooting. Secondly, as the shooting path is always in line with the east and west, during the day we always have to shoot in front of the sun at a moment or the other. This is a heritage of the military training. And you can believe me, it can be sometimes very difficult when the sun is low in the sky. A few meters above the wall and the target is the shooting trace. The place where we stand to shoot. We always have to shoot behind the trace, or the line. There used to be a trget on the ground, possibly hit by a low arrow. Of course it was not allowed to walk over a target, because the way a target is made includes a lot of esoteric and religious meanings. That is why we shoot behind the line.

In front of the master butt is the ¡°attack butt¡±. The distance between the shooting trace and the target is around 50 meters. In the old times, and even during the 1900 Olympic Games, there were 2 distances. It could be either 30 or 50 meters. Today, it is always 50 meters. Only the younger archers shoot at 30 meters. Once we have shot our only arrow, we go from the master butt to the attack butt on a path called ¡°Path of the knights¡±. Because we do shoot only one arrow. This comes from the old times, where having 2 identical arrows was very difficult. They were crafted by the archers themselves, and when they hacd a proper arrow for them, is was very difficult to build another one. From that point comes another tradition.? Once a yers, a tournament inside each companyu is called ¡°bird shooting¡±. The purpose is to shoot a small bird at the center of the target. The first archr to hit the bird is cllae d ¡°king of the company¡± for the year to come. But the arrow is broken, and the king has to build another one, possybly less adapted to him, giving more chance for his challengers. So we shoot our only arrow, go to the opposite butt, retrieve it and shoot back. One back and forth shooting is called a ¡°halte¡±, a halt.

Of course walking on the border of a shooting range while some people are shooting along you could be very dangerous. That is why we have some vertical boards of wood, called guards, that prevent any arrow from flying outside the practice area. In the old times it was just a line of trees. In Ermont, like in a lot of bow games, one of the path is roofed, allowing more comfort if the weather is rainy.

Above each target is a mirror.

It allows to see the shooting trace of the opposite butt, while staying in a safe place. The last archer of the group shouts loudly after shooting, then we check the mirror and can safely go to grab or arrows. This last archers stays near the target, preventing visitors to go in front of a target while some archers are shooting.

So here is the place. Let¡¯s talk about the target.

The target is called ¡°a card¡±. There are 2 kinds of targets used today. A modern target, used in the officiall competitions. And some traditional targets, used  for the traditional ¡°tir du bouquet¡± or other traditional shootings like the ¡°bird shooting¡±. On the center of the target, we plug a smaller target called ¡°marmot¡±, that we can translate as a ¡°kid¡±. It is not printed in the traditional target because it has to be removable. We will see why later. Its center is placed at one meter of the ground. It was the height of the ¡°armour defect¡±, the place to hit on an armoured opponent. The outer ring diameter is 48 centimeters. About the length of a man. Shooting inside is it called an ¡°honneur¡±, a honor. The bold inner ring diameter is 14.5 cm. Inside it is called ¡°chapelet¡±, a prayer necklace. It is also called ¡°douleur¡±, a pain. The black circle is called ¡°noir¡±, or Black. Its diameter is 4 cm. An arrow inside the black circle is at the same time a black, a prayer necklace and a honor. At the difference of the modern archery, touching a line gives the inferior number of points. So touching the bold line in the center gives only a honor. The only exception is the black, touching it validates the point.

The scores are the following :
1 : highest number of honors,
2 : if a tie, highest number of prayer necklaces,
3 : if still tied, highest number of blacks.

On the modern targets, some numbers are labeled. So the scores are the following :
1 : highest number of honors
2 : if a tie, highest score of points,
3 : if still tied, higher number of prayer necklace,
4 : if still tied, highest number of blacks.

As modern bows shoot Beursault competitions, and usually score 40 honors, this allows to separate more easily the archers. Now we know the place and the targets. We will explain how a modern competition is organized. After that we will talk about the traditional competitions and the heart of the Beursault shooting, its traditions. How is organized a Beursault competition?

Each archer is allowed to shoot 4 arrows, in 2 halts, for setting one¡¯s sight. Then they shoot 20 halts in a row, 40 arrows. The scores are recorded as described previously. The best archers can shoot the French national championship, with the same rules. To be qualified, a senior man using an olympic bow must score 40 honors including 12 prayers necklaces. With a modern compound bow he must score 40 honors including 28 prayer necklaces.

Since 2010, the longbow category have been recreated, to be qualified for the French championship, one must score 22 honors. In 1900 during the Olympic games, the gold medal was for the french archer Henri Herouin with 31 honors. In 2014 the french champion Hervé Chopin scored 24 honors.

Now let¡¯s talk about the traditions and traditional competitions.

Like a lot of European traditions, the Beursault traditions are related to the Christian religion and include a lot of esoteric signs. As I said previously, they are also related to the military training. Last but not least, they are related to security reasons.

Imagine an archer coming to the bow game.

While entering into the house, he will shout loudly ¡°Salut¡±. At the same time, he says hello to his fellow friends, but also he makes sure that the archers who are shooting are aware that someone is coming. Having prepared his bow and arrows, the archer comes to the master butt. He will find a group of archers already shooting, or only an archer, keeping the butt for safety while some others are shooting from the attack butt. When the group is shooting from the master butt, the new comer asks for permission to enter the game. The others agree him to join them. The first archer of the group shouts ¡°Gare¡± Warning, a warning that the arrows will be flying. Before shooting his first arrow, the archer loudly salutes. By answering, everybody acknowledges that a new archer is shooting. For a training shooting, the archers are sometimes allowed to shoot 2 arrows. When every archer has shot his arrows, the last archer shouts ¡°couvrez¡±, cover. It means that the last arrow has been shot, and he stays near the butt, to protect the place and avoid anybody to come into the shooting path. Usually he gives the result of the arrow by shouting, or ringing a bell. He will be replaced by the first archer of the group. At the end, to be able to leave the shooting path, there are 2 conditions.

No arrow should touch the black. If an arrow touches the black, no one is allowed to leave and another halt must be shot. Secondly, the shooter¡¯s arrow should be an honor, inside the target. In a bad day, with a traditional bow, it can take a while. So this rule is usually changed to ¡°at least one arrow must be in the honor¡±. No archer is allowed to enter the house with a bow ready to use unless he asks for permission to do so. He shall first unleash the string of his bow. Even if this is not possible for the modern compound bows to unleash the string, they always ask for permission to come in. Before leaving the house, the archer will make sure to salute everyone.

That is, for an ordinary training day. The most usual traditional competition is called a garden party.It can be organized inside the company, or when some archers from another company are visiting your own company. In that case, 2 teams are formed, by drawing lots. The teams shoot one after the other. Each member of the team shoots after the team leader, in the strict order of the drawing lot. Each archer shoots only one arrow. When every archer has shot, we check the target. The 2 arrows closer to the center are counted. Each arrow makes a point. So a team can win 2 points, or one point for each team. When a team reaches the 6th point, the team order are inverted. The first team shoots after the second. The party ends with the 12th point. After that, a last halt is shot, to salute each butt.

A more typical garden party can be organized, to celebrate a special event. For a specific party, the manager makes his own rules. He also decorates a target. It can sometimes be very funny. For instance, the famous ¡°sausage shooting¡±. Some sausages are hanging in front of the target and if you touch one with your arrow, you receive the sausage. Of course more formal garden party, with specific and very strict rules do exist.

One of the most important party of the year is the ¡°abbat l¡¯oiseau¡± or bird shooting. In the ancient time, since Achilles to celebrate the death of Patroclus, this bird shooting is made vertically, on a pole. It was also called ¡°tir au papaguay", or ¡°Parrot shooting¡± We have transferred it into our garden for safety reasons, because shooting arrows into the sky inside a town can be dangerous. A small bird, the size of the Black circle, is plugged at the center of the target. All the archers, head covered with their hat, walk behind the company flag and bow in front of each target.

The archers shoot at it in a precise order. First, the king of the previous year. Then the officers of the company, Then the knights. Then the archers by age of company recording. The first archer to touch the bird is declared ¡°king¡± or ¡°Queen¡± of the company for the year. His arrow is broken, because this arrow will never make a better shoot. If a king wins 3 years in a row the bird shooting, he will be declared emperor of his company. This title is granted for a lifetime, as long as the archer belongs to his company. The king has some rights and obligations. He will be highly respected by every archer with a special deference during the year.

He is the only archer who has the right to walk on the ¡°king¡¯s path¡±, or to allow someone to walk on it. Of course the young archers who shoot at 30m make an exception. He belongs by right to the company office, and participates to the votes inside it. He also has to take care of the king¡¯s path, usually becoming a gardener. He has a complete choice of how he wants to manage and decorate it. He has to offer a garden party during the year, at the time of his choice, with his own rules. He has to represent the company at the special events, like the ¡°bouquet provincial¡±. The ¡°bouquet provincial¡± is a national event. Every company in France has to participate to it. If a company does not participate, its archers will not be allowed to shoot at the national championship. So what is a ¡°bouquet provincial¡±. A Sunday morning, all the representatives of the French companies go to a town.

In this town, the organizing company has made accommodations, usually from the previous year. The flag holders wake up very early to be the first recorded. Each company will receive an order number, and will make a parade with this order. It is always a challenge to get a little number, and each company tries to be in the firsts. When each company is recorded, the parade begins into the streets of the town. A vase, offered by the president of the French republic, opens the parade. It holds a bunch of flowers, that is why the event is called ¡°provincial bouquet¡±. The streets have usually been decorated with flowers, from the houses to the public buildings. The parade ends at the town church. There, during a big mass, the bishop blesses the flags.

For the most important events of a company life, there is a mass and a blessing. To celebrate the 80th year of or company, we made a parade into the street of our town, and it ended into our stadium with a mass. So after the big mass, everybody goes to picnic and rest, the parade being usually many hours long.  During the afternoon, the bouquet shooting begins. It will last during many weeks, usually 2 month long, in different places to allow a maximum of archers to participate.

The best archer will win the vase. A ¡°prix au noir¡±, Black prize is also offered. For this prize, a kid is plugged at the center of the targets. Each time an archer hits the black, the kid is unplugged from the target. Someone from the organizing company presents the kid to the archer. The archer retrieves his arrow. The kid is labeled with the name of the archer. The hit is measured, from the center of the arrow to the center of the kid. At the end of the general prize, the best shots are rewarded.

We have seen the place, the shootings, let¡¯s see how a company is organized. From the army, the company keeps the ranks. The leader is officially the king, defined each year by the Bird shooting. After this shooting, the officers resign, and new officers are elected. After the king come the officers who have to be knights in archery. Some companies allow all their members to become officers.

There are 3 superior officers :
The captain, the chief officer. Usually he keeps his rank during many years. His lieutenant. The flag holder.

3 lower rank officers :
The secretary and his assistant. They write into the Book and describe the events of the company life. The treasure holder and his assistant, our accountants. The tradition keeper. He teaches the tradition to the newcomers and makes sure they are well respected. Some other members of the office are not officers. The cave keeper. He has the important task to give food and drink to the archers. Some managers for different activities like competitions, youngsters, and so on. I have been talking many times about the knights in archery.

You must be curious about them. First of all, we make a difference between a knight from the middle age, the noble lord in armor, and the knight in archery. A knight in archery does not have to be noble. But of course a Lord can be knight in archery. You may remember the book written in 1900 by the count Albert de Bertier. It was believed that archers in the French army were not noble persons. But a recent study showed that lower rank and poor nobles often were used as archers into the French army. Anyway, the member of the bow companies had to be some models of virtue and honesty. The values of good friendship, and team spirit are far more important than the skills. By supporting these values, the archers acted like a knight had to act. That is how they became knights in archery, a title depending of their acts and not of how they were born.

Until a recent time, every member of a bow company had to become a knight or to leave. Today, an archer can belong to a company without being a knight. Because being a knight gives rights and obligations. There are some secrets and traditions which are revealed to the knights only.

Of course we will not talk about them. Only a knight had the right to become officer of his company. As he has to be involved into his company life, every knight will belong soon or later to the company office. The knights have to be good friends and give support to each other in any occasion. They have to follow the traditions, and to teach them to the other archers. They have to participate to the major events of the company. The knight makes a lifetime commitment to his company and the whole archery world. He will be freed from this commitment at his death by a specific ceremony. To make the things simple, we can say that the Beursault shooting is a ritual and that the bow game is his church with all its symbols. That is also why the master butt is oriented in front of the East, like a church

The knights know the hidden symbols and practice archery in both a spiritual and a physical way. Their values are honor, loyalty and courtesy in following the tradition. They are the guardians of the French Beursault traditions.

Here are their 10 commandments :
Your company you will love and support at any time.
The noble game of Bow will be the best relaxation.
Your shooting you will improve by continual training.
String, bow, arrows will you take care of, to use them in a good purpose.
In the meetings will you be courteous, fair and accommodating.
Saint Sebastian will you honor, and celebrate each year.
Discipline will you observe, by following the rules.
Never will you fail to honor, and in a noble way you will act.
In the pain, will you tirelessly support your brothers.
Good knight you will remain, by following these commandments.




 

 

 

¿ø¹® ¹ø¿ªÀÇ ¿À·ù µîÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
À߸øµÈ ºÎºÐÀº ´ñ±ÛÀ̳ª ¸ÞÀÏÀ» Áֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.

¾Æ¿ï·¯ ÀÌ ±â»ç´Â Ÿ »çÀÌÆ® ÀüÀ縦 Çã¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù
@±¹±Ã½Å¹®

¨Ï ±¹±Ã½Å¹®, ¹«´ÜÀüÀç ¹× Àç¹èÆ÷ ±ÝÁö

´ñ±Û 0

* ÁÖÁ¦¿Í ¹«°üÇÑ ´ñ±Û, ¾ÇÇÃÀº »èÁ¦°¡ µÉ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.µî·Ï
±¹±Ã½Å¹® l °íÀ¯¹øÈ£ 621-82-89069 l â°£ÀÏ 2000-03-07 l archerynews@gmail.com l ±¹±ÃÆ÷Åä l ½É°îÀç l ºí·Î±× ¹êµå
Copyright  ±¹±Ã½Å¹® All rights Reserved.